Same data, different analysts: variation in effect sizes due to analytical decisions in ecology and evolutionary biology

dc.contributor.authorGould, Elliot
dc.contributor.authorBerauer, Bernd J.
dc.contributor.authorErnst, Ulrich Rainer
dc.contributor.authorZitomer, Rachel A.
dc.contributor.corporateGould, Elliot; School of Agriculture Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateFraser, Hannah S.; School of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateParker, Timothy H.; Department of Biology, Whitman College, 345 Boyer Ave, 99362, Walla Walla, WA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateNakagawa, Shinichi; School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, 2052, Sydney, NSW, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateGriffith, Simon C.; School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Balaclava Rd, Macquarie Park, 2109, Sydney, NSW, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateVesk, Peter A.; School of Agriculture Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateFidler, Fiona; School of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateHamilton, Daniel G.; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 750 Collins Street, 3008, Docklands, VIC, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateAbbey-Lee, Robin N.; Länsstyrelsen Östergötland, Östgötagatan 3, 58186, Linköping, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateAbbott, Jessica K.; Biology Department, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 22362, Lund, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateAguirre, Luis A.; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, 1 Campus Center Way, 01003, Amherst, MA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateAlcaraz, Carles; Marine and Continental Waters, IRTA, Carretera Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540 La Ràpita, Catalonia, Spain
dc.contributor.corporateAloni, Irith; Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.Box 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
dc.contributor.corporateAltschul, Drew; Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, EH9 1HB, Edinburgh, UK
dc.contributor.corporateArekar, Kunal; Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
dc.contributor.corporateAtkins, Jeff W.; Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, PO Box 700, 29809, New Ellenton, SC, USA
dc.contributor.corporateAtkinson, Joe; Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114-116, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
dc.contributor.corporateBaker, Christopher M.; School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, 3052, Parkville, VIC, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateBarrett, Meghan; Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, 420 University Blvd, 46202, Indianapolis, IN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateBell, Kristian; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, 3125, Burwood, VIC, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateBello, Suleiman Kehinde; Department of Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, 80200, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
dc.contributor.corporateBeltrán, Iván; Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, 205ACR Culloden Road, 2113, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateBerauer, Bernd J.; Department of Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, Ottilie-Zeller-Weg, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateBertram, Michael Grant; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateBillman, Peter D.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Rd, 06226, Storrs, CT, USA
dc.contributor.corporateBlake, Charlie K.; STEM Center, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 1 Hairpin Dr, 62026, Edwardsville, IL, USA
dc.contributor.corporateBlake, Shannon; University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, N1G 2W1, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateBliard, Louis; Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
dc.contributor.corporateBonisoli-Alquati, Andrea; Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, USA
dc.contributor.corporateBonnet, Timothée; Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372, Université de la Rochelle - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 405 route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
dc.contributor.corporateBordes, Camille Nina Marion; Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 529000, Israel
dc.contributor.corporateBose, Aneesh P. H.; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateBotterill-James, Thomas; School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, TAS, Private Bag 55, 7001, Hobart, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateBoyd, Melissa Anna; Whitebark Institute, 3399 Main Street, Suite W5, 93546, Mammoth Lakes, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateBoyle, Sarah A.; Department of Biology, Rhodes College, 2000 N. 38112, Parkway, Memphis, TN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateBradfer-Lawrence, Tom; Centre for Conservation Science, RSPB, 2 Lochside View, EH12 9DH, Edinburgh, UK
dc.contributor.corporateBradham, Jennifer; Environmental Studies, Wofford College, 429 N. Church St, 29303, Spartanburg, SC, USA
dc.contributor.corporateBrand, Jack A.; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateBrengdahl, Martin I.; IFM Biology, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateBulla, Martin; Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic
dc.contributor.corporateBussière, Luc; Biological and Environmental Sciences & Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 7B, SE-413 90, Gothenburg, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateCamerlenghi, Ettore; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Rainforest Walk 25, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateCampbell, Sara E.; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, 569 Dabney Hall, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateCampos, Leonardo L. F.; Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC, Campus Universitário - Córrego Grande Florianópolis – SC; CEP, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Brazil
dc.contributor.corporateCaravaggi, Anthony; School of Biological and Forensic Sciences, University of South Wales, The Alfred Russel Wallace Building, 9 Graig Fach, CF37 4BB, Glyntaff, Pontypridd, UK
dc.contributor.corporateCardoso, Pedro; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) &, CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
dc.contributor.corporateCarroll, Charles J. W.; Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University, 1472 Campus Delivery, 80523-1472, Fort Collins, CO, USA
dc.contributor.corporateCatanach, Therese A.; Department of Ornithology, Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, 19096, Philadelphia, PA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateChen, Xuan; Salisbury University, 1101 Camden Ave, 21801, Biology, Salisbury, MD, USA
dc.contributor.corporateChik, Heung Ying Janet; Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands
dc.contributor.corporateChoy, Emily Sarah; Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, L8S 4K1, Hamilton, ON, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateChristie, Alec Philip; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, CB2 3EJ, Cambridge, UK
dc.contributor.corporateChuang, Angela; Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Rd, 33850, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
dc.contributor.corporateChunco, Amanda J.; Environmental Studies, Elon University, McMichael Science Building, 2625 Campus Box, 27244, Elon, NC, USA
dc.contributor.corporateClark, Bethany L.; BirdLife International, David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, CB2 3QZ, Cambridge, UK
dc.contributor.corporateContina, Andrea; School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One West University Boulevard, 78520, Brownsville, TX, USA
dc.contributor.corporateCovernton, Garth A.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St, M5S 3B2, Toronto, ON, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateCox, Murray P.; Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
dc.contributor.corporateCressman, Kimberly A.; LLC, Catbird Stats, PO Box 2018, 39553, Gautier, MS, USA
dc.contributor.corporateCrotti, Marco; School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, UK
dc.contributor.corporateCrouch, Connor Davidson; School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, 200 E Pine Knoll Dr. 86001, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
dc.contributor.corporateD’Amelio, Pietro B.; Department of Behavioural Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Eberhard-Gwinner-Strasse, 82319, Seewiesen, Oberbayern, Germany
dc.contributor.corporatede Sousa, Alexandra Allison; School of Sciences: Center for Health and Cognition, Bath Spa University, BA2 9BN, Newton Park, Bath, UK
dc.contributor.corporateDöbert, Timm Fabian; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, T6G 2R3, Edmonton, AB, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateDobler, Ralph; Applied Zoology, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217, Dresden, TUDresden, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateDobson, Adam J.; School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8Qq, Glasgow, UK
dc.contributor.corporateDoherty, Tim S.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, 2006, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateDrobniak, Szymon Marian; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
dc.contributor.corporateDuffy, Alexandra Grace; Biology Department, Brigham Young University, 4102 Life Science Building, Provo, UT, USA
dc.contributor.corporateDuncan, Alison B.; Institute of Evolutionary Sciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
dc.contributor.corporateDunn, Robert P.; Baruch Marine Field Laboratory, University of South Carolina, 2306 Crabhaul Rd, 29440, Georgetown, SC, USA
dc.contributor.corporateDunning, Jamie; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Buckhurst road, SL5 7PY, Berkshire, UK
dc.contributor.corporateDutta, Trishna; European Forest Institute, Platz d. Vereinten Nationen 7, 53113, Bonn, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateEberhart-Hertel, Luke; Department of Ornithology, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Eberhard-Gwinner Str. 7, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateElmore, Jared Alan; Forestry and Environmental Conservation, National Bobwhite and Grassland Initiative, Clemson University, 243 Lehotsky Hall, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
dc.contributor.corporateElsherif, Mahmoud Medhat; Department of Psychology and Vision Science, University of Birmingham, 52 Pritchatts Road. Edgbaston, B15 2TT, Baily Thomas GrantBirmingham, UK
dc.contributor.corporateEnglish, Holly M.; School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Belfield, Ireland
dc.contributor.corporateEnsminger, David C.; Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, 129 S 10th Street, 95112, San Jose, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateErnst, Ulrich Rainer; Apicultural State Institute, University of Hohenheim, Erna-Hruschka-Weg 6, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateFerguson, Stephen M.; Department of Biology, St. Norbert College, 100 Grant St, 54115, De Pere, WI, USA
dc.contributor.corporateFernandez-Juricic, Esteban; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateFerreira-Arruda, Thalita; Biodiversity, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Macroecology & BiogeographyBüsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateFieberg, John; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 135 Skok Hall, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateFinch, Elizabeth A.; CABI, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey, UK
dc.contributor.corporateFiorenza, Evan A.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, 321 Steinhaus Hall, 92697, IrvineIrvine, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateFisher, David N.; School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, King Street, AB244FX, Aberdeen, UK
dc.contributor.corporateFontaine, Amélie; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3V9, Montreal, QC, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateForstmeier, Wolfgang; Department of Ornithology, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Eberhard-Gwinner Str. 7, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateFourcade, Yoan; Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences (iEES), Univ. Paris-Est Creteil, 61 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil, France
dc.contributor.corporateFrank, Graham S.; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, 321 Richardson Hall, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA
dc.contributor.corporateFreund, Cathryn A.; Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, 27109, Winston Salem, NC, USA
dc.contributor.corporateFuentes-Lillo, Eduardo; Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB), Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Victoria 631, Concepción, Chile
dc.contributor.corporateGandy, Sara L.; Institute for Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, UK
dc.contributor.corporateGannon, Dustin G.; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, 97333, Corvallis, OR, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGarcía-Cervigón, Ana I.; Biodiversity and Conservation Area, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/ Tulipán s/n, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
dc.contributor.corporateGarretson, Alexis C.; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Ave #813, 02111, Boston, MA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGe, Xuezhen; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, N1G 2W1, Guelph, ON, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateGeary, William L.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences (Burwood Campus), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateGéron, Charly; CNRS, University of Rennes, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, France
dc.contributor.corporateGilles, Marc; Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateGirndt, Antje; Fakultät für Biologie, Arbeitsgruppe Evolutionsbiologie, Universität Bielefeld, Morgenbreede 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateGliksman, Daniel; Chair of Meteorology, Institute for Hydrology and Meteorology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Technische Universität Dresden, Pienner Str. 23, 01737, Tharandt, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateGoldspiel, Harrison B.; Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Conservation Biology, University of Maine, 5755 Nutting Hall, Room 210, 04469-5755, Orono, ME, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGomes, Dylan G. E.; Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 W University Dr, 83725, Boise, ID, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGood, Megan Kate; School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateGoslee, Sarah C.; Pastures Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, USDA-ARS PSWMRU, Bldg. 3702 Curtin Road, 16802, University Park, PA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGosnell, J. Stephen; Department of Natural Sciences, Baruch College, City University of New York, 17 Lexington Avenue, 10010, New York, NY, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGrames, Eliza M.; Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, 13902, Binghamton, NY, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGratton, Paolo; Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via Cracovia, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
dc.contributor.corporateGrebe, Nicholas M.; Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, 1085 S. University Ave, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGreenler, Skye M.; College of Forestry, Oregon State University, 3100 SW Jefferson Way, 97333, Corvallis, OR, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGriffioen, Maaike; University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, België, Belgium
dc.contributor.corporateGriffith, Daniel M.; Earth & Environmental Sciences, Wesleyan University, 45 Wyllys Ave, 06459, Middletown, CT, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGriffith, Frances J.; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, 389 Whitney Ave, 06511, New Haven, CT, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGrossman, Jake J.; Biology Department and Environmental Studies Department, St. Olaf College, 1520 St Olaf Ave, 55057, Northfield, MN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateGüncan, Ali; Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ordu University, Ordu University, 52200, Altinordu/Ordu, Turkey
dc.contributor.corporateHaesen, Stef; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
dc.contributor.corporateHagan, James G.; Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateHager, Heather A.; Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave West, N2L 3C5, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateHarris, Jonathan Philo; Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, 2310 Pammel Dr, 50011, Ames, IA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateHarrison, Natasha Dean; School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateHasnain, Sarah Syedia; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Üniversiteler Mahallesi, Dumlupınar Bulvarı No: 1, 06800, Çankaya/Ankara, Turkey
dc.contributor.corporateHavird, Justin Chase; Dept. of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin,2415 Speedway #C0930, Austin, TX, USA
dc.contributor.corporateHeaton, Andrew J.; Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, 6005 Bayou Heron Rd, 39562, Moss Point, MS, USA
dc.contributor.corporateHerrera-Chaustre, María Laura; Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 # 18A-12, Bogotá, Colombia
dc.contributor.corporateHoward, Tanner J.; School of Agriculture Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateHsu, Bin-Yan; Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turun Yliopisto, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
dc.contributor.corporateIannarilli, Fabiola; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 135 Skok Hall, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateIranzo, Esperanza C.; Instituto de Ciencia Animal. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia, Chile
dc.contributor.corporateIverson, Erik N. K.; Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 2415 Speedway #C0930, 78712, Austin, Texas, USA
dc.contributor.corporateJimoh, Saheed Olaide; Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, 82071, Laramie, WY, USA
dc.contributor.corporateJohnson, Douglas H.; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 135 Skok Hall, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateJohnsson, Martin; Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7023, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateJorna, Jesse; Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Brigham Young University, Brigham Young University, 84602, Provo, UT, USA
dc.contributor.corporateJucker, Tommaso; School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, BS8 1TQ, Bristol, UK
dc.contributor.corporateJung, Martin; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, A-2361, Laxenburg, Austria
dc.contributor.corporateKačergytė, Ineta; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls Väg 16, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateKaltz, Oliver; Université de Montpellier, ISEM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, 34000, Montpellier, IRD, France
dc.contributor.corporateKe, Alison; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California, 1 Shields Ave, 95616, DavisDavis, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateKelly, Clint D.; Département des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, 141 Avenue du Président-Kennedy, H2X 1Y4, Montréal, Québec, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateKeogan, Katharine; Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, EH9 3JW, Edinburgh, UK
dc.contributor.corporateKeppeler, Friedrich Wolfgang; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 680 N Park St, 53706, Madison, WI, USA
dc.contributor.corporateKillion, Alexander K.; Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, 165 Prospect St, 06511, New Haven, CT, USA
dc.contributor.corporateKim, Dongmin; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Ecology Building, 1987 Upper Buford Cir, 55108, St. PaulSt Paul, MN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateKochan, David P.; Institute of Environment and Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 3000 NE 151st St, 33181, North Miami, FL, USA
dc.contributor.corporateKorsten, Peter; Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3DA, Penglais, Aberystwyth, UK
dc.contributor.corporateKothari, Shan; Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101, H1X 2B2, Sherbrooke St E, Montréal, Québec, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateKuppler, Jonas; Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateKusch, Jillian M.; Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 45 Arctic Ave, A1C5S7, St John’s NL, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateLagisz, Malgorzata; Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, High Street 2052, Kensington, NSW, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateLalla, Kristen Marianne; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3V9, Montreal, QC, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateLarkin, Daniel J.; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 135 Skok Hall, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateLarson, Courtney L.; The Nature Conservancy, 258 Main Street, 82520, Lander, WY, USA
dc.contributor.corporateLauck, Katherine S.; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California, 1 Shields Ave, 95616, DavisDavis, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateLauterbur, M. Elise; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, 1041 E Lowell St, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA
dc.contributor.corporateLaw, Alan; Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Cottrell Building, FK9 4LA, Stirling, UK
dc.contributor.corporateLéandri-Breton, Don-Jean; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3V9, Montreal, QC, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateLembrechts, Jonas J.; Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
dc.contributor.corporateL’Herpiniere, Kiara; School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Balaclava Rd, Macquarie Park, 2109, Sydney, NSW, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateLievens, Eva J. P.; Aquatic Ecology and Evolution Group, Limnological Institute, University of Konstanz, Mainaustraße 252, 78464, Konstanz, Germany
dc.contributor.corporatede Lima, Daniela Oliveira; Campus Cerro Largo, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Rua Jacob Haupenthal, 158097900-000, Cerro Largo, RS, CEP, Brazil
dc.contributor.corporateLindsay, Shane; School of Psychology and Social Work, University of Hull, Cottingham Rd, HU6 7RX, Hull, UK
dc.contributor.corporateLuquet, Martin; UMR 1224, ECOBIOP, Université de Pau et des Pays de l′Adour, 173 Route de Saint-Jean-de-Luz, 64310, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
dc.contributor.corporateMacLeod, Ross; School of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, L3 3AF, Liverpool, UK
dc.contributor.corporateMacphie, Kirsty H.; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, The University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, EH9 3FL, Edinburgh, UK
dc.contributor.corporateMagellan, Kit; Phnom Penh, Cambodia
dc.contributor.corporateMair, Magdalena M.; Statistical Ecotoxicology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateMalm, Lisa E.; Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Linnaeus väg 6, 907 36, Umeå, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateMammola, Stefano; Molecular Ecology Group (MEG), Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 28922, Corso Tonolli 50, Verbania, Italy
dc.contributor.corporateMandeville, Caitlin P.; Department of Natural History, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 1, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
dc.contributor.corporateManhart, Michael; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 679 Hoes Lane West, 08854, Piscataway, NJ, USA
dc.contributor.corporateManrique-Garzon, Laura Milena; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 Nº 18A - 12, 111711, Bogotá, Bogotá D. C, Colombia
dc.contributor.corporateMäntylä, Elina; Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turun Yliopisto, FI-20014, Turku, Finland
dc.contributor.corporateMarchand, Philippe; Institut de recherche sur les forêts, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445 Boulevard de l’Université, J9X 5E4, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateMarshall, Benjamin Michael; Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Cottrell Building, FK9 4LA, Stirling, UK
dc.contributor.corporateMartin, Charles A.; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boulevard des Forges, G8Z 4M3, Trois-Rivières (Québec), Canada
dc.contributor.corporateMartin, Dominic Andreas; Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
dc.contributor.corporateMartin, Jake Mitchell; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateMartinig, April Robin; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Randwick, 2052, Sydney, NSW, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateMcCallum, Erin S.; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateMcCauley, Mark; Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, 9505 N Ocean Shore Blvd, St. Augustine, 32080, Gainesville, FL, USA
dc.contributor.corporateMcNew, Sabrina M.; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, 1041 E Lowell St, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA
dc.contributor.corporateMeiners, Scott J.; Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University, 600 Lincoln Avenue, 61920, Charleston, IL, USA
dc.contributor.corporateMerkling, Thomas; Centre d’Investigations Clinique Plurithématique - Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux, Université de Lorraine, Inserm1433 CIC-P CHRU de Nancy, bâtiment Louis Mathieu - 5, rue du Morvan - 54500, Vandoeuvre-les-nancy, France
dc.contributor.corporateMichelangeli, Marcus; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateMoiron, Maria; Evolutionary biology department, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateMoreira, Bruno; Department of Ecology and global change, Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CIDE-CSIC/UV/GV), Carretera CV-315 km 10,7, 46113, Moncada (Valencia), Spain
dc.contributor.corporateMortensen, Jennifer; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, 850 W. Dickson Street SCEN601, 72701, Fayetteville, AR, USA
dc.contributor.corporateMos, Benjamin; School of the Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland, 4072, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateMuraina, Taofeek Olatunbosun; Department of Animal Health and Production, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igbo-Ora 201103, Oyo State, Nigeria
dc.contributor.corporateMurphy, Penelope Wrenn; Department of Forest & Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, 53706, Madison, WI, USA
dc.contributor.corporateNelli, Luca; School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, UK
dc.contributor.corporateNiemelä, Petri; Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
dc.contributor.corporateNightingale, Josh; South Iceland Research Centre, University of Iceland, Lindarbraut 4, 840, Laugarvatn, Iceland
dc.contributor.corporateNilsonne, Gustav; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateNolazco, Sergio; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Rainforest Walk 25, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateNooten, Sabine S.; Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, University of Würzburg, Biocenter-Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateNovotny, Jessie Lanterman; Hiram College, 11700 Dean St, 44234, Biology, Hiram, OH, USA
dc.contributor.corporateOlin, Agnes Birgitta; Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas allé 5, 756 51, Uppsala, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateOrgan, Chris L.; Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University, 59717, Bozeman, MT, USA
dc.contributor.corporateOstevik, Kate L.; Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, 900 University Ave, 92521, RiversideRiverside, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporatePalacio, Facundo Xavier; Sección Ornitología, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosqur s/n, La Plata, B1900FWA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
dc.contributor.corporatePaquet, Matthieu; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls Väg 16, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporateParker, Darren James; Bangor University, Bangor University, Deiniol Road, LL57 2UW, Bangor, UK
dc.contributor.corporatePascall, David J.; MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, East Forvie Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, CB2 0SR, Cambridge, UK
dc.contributor.corporatePasquarella, Valerie J.; Harvard Forest, Harvard University, 324 N Main St, 01366, Petersham, MA, USA
dc.contributor.corporatePaterson, John Harold; Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
dc.contributor.corporatePayo-Payo, Ana; Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C. de José Antonio Novais, 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain
dc.contributor.corporatePedersen, Karen Marie; Biology Department, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
dc.contributor.corporatePerez, Grégoire; UMR 1309, ASTRE, CIRAD, Campus international de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier, France
dc.contributor.corporatePerry, Kayla I.; Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave, 44691, Wooster, OH, USA
dc.contributor.corporatePottier, Patrice; Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, High Street 2052, Kensington, NSW, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateProulx, Michael J.; Department of Psychology, University of Bath, 10 West, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK
dc.contributor.corporateProulx, Raphaël; Chaire de recherche en intégrité écologique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. Des Forges, G8Z 4M3, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
dc.contributor.corporatePruett, Jessica L; Mississippi Based RESTORE Act Center of Excellence, University of Southern Mississippi, 703 E. Beach Drive, 39564, Ocean Springs, MS, USA
dc.contributor.corporateRamananjato, Veronarindra; Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Valley Life Science Building 5075, 94720, BerkeleyBerkeley, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateRandimbiarison, Finaritra Tolotra; Mention Zoologie et Biodiversité Animale, Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Antananarivo, Mention Zoologie et Biodiversié Animale, Université d’Antananarivo, BP 906, 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar
dc.contributor.corporateRazafindratsima, Onja H.; Department of Integrative Biology, Valley Life Sciences Building 3140, University of California, University of California Berkeley, 94720, BerkeleyBerkeley, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateRennison, Diana J.; Department of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, 92093, La Jolla, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateRiva, Federico; Institute for Environmental Sciences, VU Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1111, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
dc.contributor.corporateRiyahi, Sepand; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1 (UBB), 1030, Wien, Austria
dc.contributor.corporateRoast, Michael James; Konrad Lorenz Institute for Ethology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Savoyenstrasse 1A, 1160, Vienna, Austria
dc.contributor.corporateRocha, Felipe Pereira; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China
dc.contributor.corporateRoche, Dominique G.; Institut de biologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
dc.contributor.corporateRomán-Palacios, Cristian; School of Information, University of Arizona, 1103 E. 2nd St, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA
dc.contributor.corporateRosenberg, Michael S.; Center for Biological Data Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842030, 1000 W. Cary St, 23284-2030, Richmond, VA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateRoss, Jessica; University of Wisconsin, 1525 Observatory Dr. Madison, 53706, Madison, WI, USA
dc.contributor.corporateRowland, Freya E.; School of the Environment, Yale University, 195 Prospect Street, 06511, New Haven, CT, USA
dc.contributor.corporateRugemalila, Deusdedith; Institute of the Environment, Florida International University, 3000 NE 151st St, 33181, North Miami, FL, USA
dc.contributor.corporateRussell, Avery L.; Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 910 S John Q Hammons Pkwy, 65897, Springfield, MO, USA
dc.contributor.corporateRuuskanen, Suvi; Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Survontie 9C, 40500, Jyväskylä, Finland
dc.contributor.corporateSaccone, Patrick; Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research, OeAW (Austrian Academy of Sciences), GLORIA, Silbergasse 30/3, A-1190, Wien, Austria
dc.contributor.corporateSadeh, Asaf; Department of Natural Resources, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization (Volcani Institute), POB 1021, 3009500, Ramat Yishay, Israel
dc.contributor.corporateSalazar, Stephen M.; Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateSales, Kris; Office for National Statistics, Segensworth Rd, PO15 5RR, Titchfield, Fareham, UK
dc.contributor.corporateSalmón, Pablo; Institute of Avian Research “Vogelwarte Helgoland”, An der Vogelwarte 21, 26386, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateSánchez-Tójar, Alfredo; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, North Rhine-Westphalia, Konsequenz 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateSantos, Leticia Pereira; Ecology Department, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Av. Esperança, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
dc.contributor.corporateSantostefano, Francesca; Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, TR10 9FE, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
dc.contributor.corporateSchilling, Hayden T.; New South Wales, Department of Primary Industries Fisheries, Locked Bag 1, 2315, Nelson Bay, NSW, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateSchmidt, Marcus; Research Data Management, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateSchmoll, Tim; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, North Rhine-Westphalia, Konsequenz 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateSchneider, Adam C.; Biology Department, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, 1725 State St, 54601, La Crosse, WI, USA
dc.contributor.corporateSchrock, Allie E.; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, 130 Science Dr, 27708, Durham, NC, USA
dc.contributor.corporateSchroeder, Julia; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Buckhurst road, SL5 7PY, Berkshire, UK
dc.contributor.corporateSchtickzelle, Nicolas; Earth and Life Institute, Ecology and Biodiversity, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 4, L7.07.04, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
dc.contributor.corporateSchultz, Nick L.; Future Regions Research Centre, Federation University Australia, 3350, Mt Helen, VIC, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateScott, Drew A.; United States, Department of Agriculture- Agricultural Research Service, 1701 10th Ave SW, 58554, Mandan, ND, USA
dc.contributor.corporateScroggie, Michael Peter; Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, 123 Brown Street, 3084, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateShapiro, Julie Teresa; Epidemiology and Surveillance Support Unit, University of Lyon - French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 31 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France
dc.contributor.corporateSharma, Nitika; Center for Impact, UCLA Anderson, University of California, 110 Westwood Plaza, Gold Hall, Suite B.201L, 90095-1481, Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateShearer, Caroline L.; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, 130 Science Dr, 27708, Durham, NC, USA
dc.contributor.corporateSimón, Diego; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
dc.contributor.corporateSitvarin, Michael I.; Washington, USA
dc.contributor.corporateSkupien, Fabrício Luiz; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP, Brazil
dc.contributor.corporateSlinn, Heather Lea; Vive Crop Protection, 6275 Northam Drive, Suite 1, L4V 1Y8, Mississauga, ON, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateSmith, Grania Polly; University of Cambridge, Trinity Ln, The Old Schools, CB2 1TN, Cambridge, UK
dc.contributor.corporateSmith, Jeremy A.; British Trust for Ornithology, BTO, The Nunnery, IP24 2PU, Thetford, Norfolk, UK
dc.contributor.corporateSollmann, Rahel; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, 97333, Corvallis, OR, USA
dc.contributor.corporateWhitney, Kaitlin Stack; Technology & Society Department, Rochester Institute of Technology, 7 Lomb Memorial Drive, 14623, Rochester, NY, USA
dc.contributor.corporateStill, Shannon Michael; Nomad Ecology, 822 Main Street, 94553, Martinez, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateStuber, Erica F.; Wildland Resources Department, Utah State University, 5200 Old Main Hill, 84322, Logan, UT, USA
dc.contributor.corporateSutton, Guy F.; Center for Biological Control, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, 1 Lower University Road, Barratt Complex, Biological Sciences BuildingEastern Cape, Makhanda, South Africa
dc.contributor.corporateSwallow, Ben; School of Mathematics and Statistics and Centre for Research in Ecological and Environmental Modelling, University of St Andrews, Buchanan Gardens, KY16 9LZ, St Andrews, Scotland, UK
dc.contributor.corporateTaff, Conor Claverie; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, 215 Tower Road, 14853, Ithaca, NY, USA
dc.contributor.corporateTakola, Elina; Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateTanentzap, Andrew J.; Ecosystems and Global Change Group, School of the Environment, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Road, K0L 2V0, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateTarjuelo, Rocío; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Gestión Forestal Sostenible (iuFOR), Universidad de Valladolid, Av. Madrid 44, 34071, Palencia, Spain
dc.contributor.corporateTelford, Richard J.; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Postboks, 7803, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
dc.contributor.corporateThawley, Christopher J.; Department of Biological Science, University of Rhode Island, 9 East Alumni Ave, 02881, Kingston, RI, USA
dc.contributor.corporateThierry, Hugo; Department of Geography, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke Street West, H3A 0B9, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateThomson, Jacqueline; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, N1G 2W1, Guelph, ON, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateTidau, Svenja; School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, Devon, UK
dc.contributor.corporateTompkins, Emily M.; Biology Department, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Rd. 27109, Winston Salem, NC, USA
dc.contributor.corporateTortorelli, Claire Marie; Plant Sciences, University of California, 1 Shields Ave, 95616, DavisDavis, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateTrlica, Andrew; College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Jordan Hall, 2800 Faucette Dr, 27607, Raleigh, NC, USA
dc.contributor.corporateTurnell, Biz R.; Institute of Zoology, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217, Dresden, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateUrban, Lara; Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateVan de Vondel, Stijn; Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
dc.contributor.corporatevan der Wal, Jessica Eva Megan; FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa
dc.contributor.corporateVan Eeckhoven, Jens; Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, UK
dc.contributor.corporatevan Oordt, Francis; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3V9, Montreal, QC, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateVanderwel, K. Michelle; Biology, University of Saskatchewan, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, S7N 5E2, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateVanderwel, Mark C.; Department of Biology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Pkwy, S4S 0A2, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateVanderwolf, Karen J.; Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateVélez, Juliana; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 135 Skok Hall, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateVergara-Florez, Diana Carolina; Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Biological Science Building, University of Michigan, 1105 North University Avenue, 48109-1085, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
dc.contributor.corporateVerrelli, Brian C.; Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
dc.contributor.corporateVieira, Marcus Vinícius; Dept. Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, 6820021942-902, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, CP, Brazil
dc.contributor.corporateVillamil, Nora; Lothian Analytical Services, Public Health Scotland, 1 South Gyle Crescent, EH12 9EB, Edinburgh, UK
dc.contributor.corporateVitali, Valerio; Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Muenster, Huefferstr. 1, DE-48149, Muenster, Germany
dc.contributor.corporateVollering, Julien; Department of Environmental Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. box 133, 6851, Sogndal, Norway
dc.contributor.corporateWalker, Jeffrey; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Maine, 70 Falmouth St, 04103, Portland, ME, USA
dc.contributor.corporateWalker, Xanthe J.; Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, PO Box 5620, 86011, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
dc.contributor.corporateWalter, Jonathan A.; Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Ave, 95616, Davis, CA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateWaryszak, Pawel; School of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of Southern Queensland, 487-535 West Street, 4350, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateWeaver, Ryan J.; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Dr, 50011, Ames, IA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateWedegärtner, Ronja E. M.; Fram Project AS, Ymers vei 2, 0588, Oslo, Norway
dc.contributor.corporateWeller, Daniel L.; Department of Food Science & Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 22 Food Science Building (0418) 360 Duck Pond Drive Virginia Tech, 24061, Blacksburg, VA, USA
dc.contributor.corporateWhelan, Shannon; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3V9, Montreal, QC, Canada
dc.contributor.corporateWhite, Rachel Louise; School of Applied Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, BN2 4GJ, Brighton, UK
dc.contributor.corporateWolfson, David William; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 135 Skok Hall, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA
dc.contributor.corporateWood, Andrew; Department of Biology, Biology Research and Administration Building, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX1 3SZ, Oxford, UK
dc.contributor.corporateYanco, Scott W.; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado, P.O. Box 173364, 80217-3364, DenverDenver, CO, USA
dc.contributor.corporateYen, Jian D. L.; Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, 123 Brown Street, 3084, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
dc.contributor.corporateYoungflesh, Casey; Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, MI, USA
dc.contributor.corporateZilio, Giacomo; ISEM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Place Eugène BataillonCedex 05, 34095, Montpellier, France
dc.contributor.corporateZimmer, Cédric; Laboratoire d’Ethologie Expérimentale et Comparée, LEEC, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 99 avenue Jean-Baptiste Clément, UR444393430, Villetaneuse, France
dc.contributor.corporateZimmerman, Gregory Mark; Department of Science and Environment, Lake Superior State University, 650 W Easterday Ave, 49783, Sault Sainte Marie, MI, USA
dc.contributor.corporateZitomer, Rachel A.; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, 321 Richardson Hall, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-18T14:08:11Z
dc.date.available2025-02-18T14:08:11Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.date.updated2025-02-18T14:03:54Z
dc.description.abstractAlthough variation in effect sizes and predicted values among studies of similar phenomena is inevitable, such variation far exceeds what might be produced by sampling error alone. One possible explanation for variation among results is differences among researchers in the decisions they make regarding statistical analyses. A growing array of studies has explored this analytical variability in different fields and has found substantial variability among results despite analysts having the same data and research question. Many of these studies have been in the social sciences, but one small “many analyst” study found similar variability in ecology. We expanded the scope of this prior work by implementing a large-scale empirical exploration of the variation in effect sizes and model predictions generated by the analytical decisions of different researchers in ecology and evolutionary biology. We used two unpublished datasets, one from evolutionary ecology (blue tit, Cyanistes caeruleus , to compare sibling number and nestling growth) and one from conservation ecology ( Eucalyptus , to compare grass cover and tree seedling recruitment). The project leaders recruited 174 analyst teams, comprising 246 analysts, to investigate the answers to prespecified research questions. Analyses conducted by these teams yielded 141 usable effects (compatible with our meta-analyses and with all necessary information provided) for the blue tit dataset, and 85 usable effects for the Eucalyptus dataset. We found substantial heterogeneity among results for both datasets, although the patterns of variation differed between them. For the blue tit analyses, the average effect was convincingly negative, with less growth for nestlings living with more siblings, but there was near continuous variation in effect size from large negative effects to effects near zero, and even effects crossing the traditional threshold of statistical significance in the opposite direction. In contrast, the average relationship between grass cover and Eucalyptus seedling number was only slightly negative and not convincingly different from zero, and most effects ranged from weakly negative to weakly positive, with about a third of effects crossing the traditional threshold of significance in one direction or the other. However, there were also several striking outliers in the Eucalyptus dataset, with effects far from zero. For both datasets, we found substantial variation in the variable selection and random effects structures among analyses, as well as in the ratings of the analytical methods by peer reviewers, but we found no strong relationship between any of these and deviation from the meta-analytic mean. In other words, analyses with results that were far from the mean were no more or less likely to have dissimilar variable sets, use random effects in their models, or receive poor peer reviews than those analyses that found results that were close to the mean. The existence of substantial variability among analysis outcomes raises important questions about how ecologists and evolutionary biologists should interpret published results, and how they should conduct analyses in the future.en
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-024-02101-x
dc.identifier.urihttps://hohpublica.uni-hohenheim.de/handle/123456789/17308
dc.language.isoeng
dc.rights.licensecc_by-nc-nd
dc.subjectAnalytical heterogeneity
dc.subjectMetascience
dc.subjectMany-analyst
dc.subjectReplication crisis
dc.subjectReproducibility
dc.subject.ddc570
dc.titleSame data, different analysts: variation in effect sizes due to analytical decisions in ecology and evolutionary biologyen
dc.type.diniArticle
dcterms.bibliographicCitationBMC biology, 23 (2025), 1, 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-024-02101-x. ISSN: 1741-7007 London : BioMed Central
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.issn1741-7007
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.issue1
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.journaltitleBMC biology
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.originalpublishernameBioMed Central
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.originalpublisherplaceLondon
dcterms.bibliographicCitation.volume23
local.export.bibtex@article{Gould2025, doi = {10.1186/s12915-024-02101-x}, author = {Gould, Elliot and Fraser, Hannah S. and Parker, Timothy H. et al.}, title = {Same data, different analysts: variation in effect sizes due to analytical decisions in ecology and evolutionary biology}, journal = {BMC biology}, year = {2025-02-06}, volume = {23}, number = {1}, }
local.export.bibtexAuthorGould, Elliot and Fraser, Hannah S. and Parker, Timothy H. et al.
local.export.bibtexKeyGould2025-02-06
local.export.bibtexType@article
local.subject.sdg13
local.subject.sdg15
local.subject.sdg17

Files

Original bundle

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Name:
12915_2025_Article_2101.pdf
Size:
2.61 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Name:
12915_2024_2101_MOESM1_ESM.pdf
Size:
12.35 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format

License bundle

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
7.85 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed to upon submission
Description: