Fakultätsübergreifend / Sonstige Einrichtung

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Assessing functional properties of diet protein hydrolysate and oil from fish waste on canine immune parameters, cardiac biomarkers, and fecal microbiota
(2024) Cabrita, Ana R. J.; Barroso, Carolina; Fontes-Sousa, Ana Patrícia; Correia, Alexandra; Teixeira, Luzia; Maia, Margarida R. G.; Vilanova, Manuel; Yergaliyev, Timur; Camarinha-Silva, Amélia; Fonseca, António J. M.; Cabrita, Ana R. J.; REQUIMTE, Network of Chemistry and Technology, LAQV, Laboratory for Green Chemistry, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Barroso, Carolina; REQUIMTE, Network of Chemistry and Technology, LAQV, Laboratory for Green Chemistry, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Fontes-Sousa, Ana Patrícia; Department of Immuno-Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacological Research and Drug Innovation (MedInUP), ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Veterinary Hospital of the University of Porto (UPVET), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Correia, Alexandra; ICBAS – School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Teixeira, Luzia; ICBAS – School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Maia, Margarida R. G.; REQUIMTE, Network of Chemistry and Technology, LAQV, Laboratory for Green Chemistry, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Vilanova, Manuel; ICBAS – School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Yergaliyev, Timur; HoLMiR – Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Camarinha-Silva, Amélia; HoLMiR – Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Fonseca, António J. M.; REQUIMTE, Network of Chemistry and Technology, LAQV, Laboratory for Green Chemistry, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Locally produced fish hydrolysate and oil from the agrifood sector comprises a sustainable solution both to the problem of fish waste disposal and to the petfood sector with potential benefits for the animal’s health. This study evaluated the effects of the dietary replacement of mainly imported shrimp hydrolysate (5%) and salmon oil (3%; control diet) with locally produced fish hydrolysate (5%) and oil (3.2%) obtained from fish waste (experimental diet) on systemic inflammation markers, adipokines levels, cardiac function and fecal microbiota of adult dogs. Samples and measurements were taken from a feeding trial conducted according to a crossover design with two diets (control and experimental diets), six adult Beagle dogs per diet and two periods of 6 weeks each. The experimental diet, with higher docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids contents, decreased plasmatic triglycerides and the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme, also tending to decrease total cholesterol. No effects of diet were observed on serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, and IL-12/IL-23 p40, and of the serum levels of the anti-inflammatory adipokine adiponectin. Blood pressure, heart rate and echocardiographic measurements were similar between diets with the only exception of left atrial to aorta diameter ratio that was higher in dogs fed the experimental diet, but without clinical relevance. Diet did not significantly affect fecal immunoglobulin A concentration. Regarding fecal microbiome, Megasphaera was the most abundant genus, followed by Bifidobacterium , Fusobacterium , and Prevotella , being the relative abundances of Fusobacterium and Ileibacterium genera positively affected by the experimental diet. Overall, results from the performed short term trial suggest that shrimp hydrolysate and salmon oil can be replaced by protein hydrolysate and oil from fish by-products without affecting systemic inflammatory markers, cardiac structure and function, but potentially benefiting bacterial genera associated with healthy microbiome. Considering the high DHA and EPA contents and the antioxidant properties of fish oil and hydrolysate, it would be worthwhile in the future to assess their long-term effects on inflammatory markers and their role in spontaneous canine cardiac diseases and to perform metabolomic and metagenomics analysis to elucidate the relevance of microbiota changes in the gut.
CortexVR: Immersive analysis and training of cognitive executive functions of soccer players using virtual reality and machine learning
(2022) Krupitzer, Christian; Naber, Jens; Stauffert, Jan-Philipp; Mayer, Jan; Spielmann, Jan; Ehmann, Paul; Boci, Noel; Bürkle, Maurice; Ho, André; Komorek, Clemens; Heinickel, Felix; Kounev, Samuel; Becker, Christian; Latoschik, Marc Erich
Goal: This paper presents an immersive Virtual Reality (VR) system to analyze and train Executive Functions (EFs) of soccer players. EFs are important cognitive functions for athletes. They are a relevant quality that distinguishes amateurs from professionals. Method: The system is based on immersive technology, hence, the user interacts naturally and experiences a training session in a virtual world. The proposed system has a modular design supporting the extension of various so-called game modes. Game modes combine selected game mechanics with specific simulation content to target particular training aspects. The system architecture decouples selection/parameterization and analysis of training sessions via a coaching app from an Unity3D-based VR simulation core. Monitoring of user performance and progress is recorded by a database that sends the necessary feedback to the coaching app for analysis. Results: The system is tested for VR-critical performance criteria to reveal the usefulness of a new interaction paradigm in the cognitive training and analysis of EFs. Subjective ratings for overall usability show that the design as VR application enhances the user experience compared to a traditional desktop app; whereas the new, unfamiliar interaction paradigm does not negatively impact the effort for using the application. Conclusion: The system can provide immersive training of EF in a fully virtual environment, eliminating potential distraction. It further provides an easy-to-use analyzes tool to compare user but also an automatic, adaptive training mode.
Cow’s microbiome from antepartum to postpartum: a long-term study covering two physiological challenges
(2022) Tröscher-Mußotter, Johanna; Deusch, Simon; Borda-Molina, Daniel; Frahm, Jana; Dänicke, Sven; Camarinha-Silva, Amélia; Huber, Korinna; Seifert, Jana
Little is known about the interplay between the ruminant microbiome and the host during challenging events. This long-term study investigated the ruminal and duodenal microbiome and metabolites during calving as an individual challenge and a lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation as a standardized challenge. Strong inter- and intra-individual microbiome changes were noted during the entire trial period of 168 days and between the 12 sampling time points. Bifidobacterium increased significantly at 3 days after calving. Both challenges increased the intestinal abundance of fiber-associated taxa, e.g., Butyrivibrio and unclassified Ruminococcaceae. NMR analyses of rumen and duodenum samples identified up to 60 metabolites out of which fatty and amino acids, amines, and urea varied in concentrations triggered by the two challenges. Correlation analyses between these parameters indicated a close connection and dependency of the microbiome with its host. It turns out that the combination of phylogenetic with metabolite information supports the understanding of the true scenario in the forestomach system. The individual stages of the production cycle in dairy cows reveal specific criteria for the interaction pattern between microbial functions and host responses.

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