Fakultät Agrarwissenschaften

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Die Fakultät entwickelt in Lehre und Forschung nachhaltige Produktionstechniken der Agrar- und Ernährungswirtschaft. Sie erarbeitet Beiträge für den ländlichen Raum und zum Verbraucher-, Tier- und Umweltschutz.

Homepage: https://agrar.uni-hohenheim.de/

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Acrocomia aculeata fruits from three regions in Costa Rica: An assessment of biometric parameters, oil content and oil fatty acid composition to evaluate industrial potential
(2020) Alfaro-Solís, Jose David; Montoya-Arroyo, Alexander; Jiménez, Víctor M.; Arnáez-Serrano, Elizabeth; Pérez, Jason; Vetter, Walter; Frank, Jan; Lewandowski, Iris
Due to increased global demand for vegetable oils, diversification of the supply chain with sustainable sources is necessary. Acrocomia aculeata has recently gained attention as a multi-purpose, sustainable crop for oil production. However, the information necessary for effective selection of promising varieties for agricultural production is lacking. The aim of this study was to assess variability in fruit morphology and oil composition of individual Acrocomia aculeata plants growing wild in different climatic regions of Costa Rica. Fruits at the same ripening stage were collected at three locations, and biometric features, oil content, fatty acid composition of oils from kernels and pulp, as well as fiber composition of husks were determined. Biometric parameters showed high variability among the regions assessed. Moreover, oil content and relative proportions of unsaturated fatty acids were higher at the most tropical location, whereas lauric acid content was lowest under these conditions, indicating a potential environmental effect on oil composition. Pulp oil content correlated positively with annual precipitation and relative humidity, but no clear relation to temperature was observed. The oil chemical composition was similar to that reported for Elaeis guineensis, suggesting that Acrocomia aculeata from Costa Rica may be a suitable alternative for industrial applications currently based on African palm oil. Analysis of husks as a coproduct revealed the possibility of obtaining materials with high lignin and low water and ash contents that could be used as a solid bioenergy source. In conclusion, Acrocomia aculeata oil is a promising alternative for industrial applications currently based on African palm oil and byproducts of its oil production could find additional use as a renewable energy source.
Towards transdisciplinary identification of suitable woody perennials for resilient agro-silvopastoral systems in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa
(2025) Roessler, Regina; Cicek, Harun; Cournac, Laurent; Gnissien, Moussa; Männle, Julia; Koomson, Eric; Founoune-Mboup, Hassna; Coulibaly, Kalifa; Diouf, Abdoul Aziz; Sanon, Hadja Oumou; Cadisch, Georg; Graefe, Sophie; Roessler, Regina; Animal Husbandry in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Kassel, Steinstr. 19, 37213, Witzenhausen, Germany; Cicek, Harun; Department of International Cooperation, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, Ackerstrasse 113, 5070, Frick, Switzerland; Cournac, Laurent; Eco&Sols, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Institut Agro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Gnissien, Moussa; Laboratoire d’étude Et de Recherche Sur La Fertilité Des Sols Et Les Systèmes de Production (LERF-SP), Institut du Développement Rural, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; Männle, Julia; Institute of Development Research, BOKU University, Peter-Jordan-Straße 76/I 1190, Vienna, Austria; Koomson, Eric; Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 13, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany; Founoune-Mboup, Hassna; Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA), BP 15532, Fann Residence, Dakar, Senegal; Coulibaly, Kalifa; Laboratoire d’étude Et de Recherche Sur La Fertilité Des Sols Et Les Systèmes de Production (LERF-SP), Institut du Développement Rural, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; Diouf, Abdoul Aziz; Centre de Suivi Ecologique (CSE), Dakar, Senegal; Sanon, Hadja Oumou; Department of Animal Production, Institut de L’Environment Et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), BP 8645, 1973 Boulevard Tansoba Wam-Godi, 04, Ouagadougou 04, Burkina Faso; Cadisch, Georg; Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 13, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany; Graefe, Sophie; International Climate Initiative (IKI), Zukunft – Umwelt – Gesellschaft (ZUG) gGmbH, Stresemannstraße 69-71, Berlin, Germany
Parkland systems in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa are commonly perceived as a resilient agroforestry practice well adapted to the semi-arid climatic conditions of the region. However, there exist several knowledge gaps regarding the interplay between the different components of this agro-silvopastoral land use system. A literature review with subsequent meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the effects of woody perennials on soil, crops and livestock, for which our study found very context-specific responses. A scoring of tree and shrub species indicated a general trend of trade-off between positive impact on crops and livestock vs. impact on soil organic carbon content. The study further confirmed that Faidherbia albida (Del.) Chev. is one of the most promising parkland species, but also revealed that there are no multipurpose single species that should be promoted exclusively. The focus should rather shift to species mixtures that satisfy multiple human and environmental needs. The study also pointed out that information on the nutritional properties of the majority of browse species is particularly limited. Transdisciplinary modelling is suggested as a tool to assess the complex interactions between the different components that shape this agro-silvopastoral system at different scales.

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