Fakultät Agrarwissenschaften (Gesamt)

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Browsing Fakultät Agrarwissenschaften (Gesamt) by Classification "630"

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    Effectiveness of copper oxychloride coated with iron nanoparticles against earthworms
    (2024) Kumari, Tamanna; Phogat, Deepak; Jakhar, Navneet; Shukla, Vineeta; Kumari, Tamanna; Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India; Phogat, Deepak; Department of Environment Science, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India; Jakhar, Navneet; Organic Agriculture and Food Systems, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; Shukla, Vineeta; Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
    This study examines the potential of iron nanoparticle-coated copper oxychloride in mitigating its toxic effects on earthworms, a key component of sustainable agriculture due to their role in enhancing soil quality and promoting plant growth. While earthworms and their coelomic fluid play a crucial role in enhancing soil health and promoting plant growth. Copper oxychloride, a commonly used fungicide, induces oxidative stress by disrupting antioxidant defense mechanisms in living systems. Through probit analysis, the median lethal concentration (LC50) of copper oxychloride was determined to be 2511.9 mg/kg. Artificial soil was treated with copper oxychloride at 60% and 80% of LC50, but the addition of iron nanoparticle-coated fungicide successfully reduced earthworm mortality to 0%. These findings offer promising insights into protecting non-target organisms from fungicide toxicity while maintaining agricultural productivity. The findings present a potential breakthrough in sustainable agriculture by demonstrating how nanotechnology can mitigate the harmful effects of fungicides on essential soil fauna. The use of iron nanoparticle-coated fungicides not only protects earthworms but also offers a path to maintaining ecological balance and enhancing crop productivity without compromising soil health.
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    Genebanks at risk: Hazard assessment and risk management of national and international genebanks
    (2023) Herbold, Theresa; Engels, Johannes M. M.
    Genebanks are crucial for safeguarding global crop diversity but are themselves exposed to several risks. However, a scientific basis for identifying, assessing, and managing risks is still lacking. Addressing these research gaps, this study provides risk analysis for three key risk groups: natural hazards, political risks, and financial risks, carried out on a sample of 80 important national and international genebanks, comprising at least 4.78 million accessions or roughly 65% of the reported total of ex situ conserved accessions worldwide. The assessment tool of Munich Re “Natural Hazards Edition” allowed a location-specific comparison of the natural hazard exposure. Results showed that genebanks in the Asia-Pacific region are most exposed to natural hazards, while institutions in African and some Asian countries are rather vulnerable to political risks. Financing is a major problem for national genebanks in developing countries, whereas the Global Crop Diversity Trust achieved considerable financial security for international genebanks. Large differences in the risk exposure of genebanks exist, making a location- and institution-specific risk assessment indispensable. Moreover, there is significant room for improvement with respect to quality and risk management at genebanks. Transferring risks of genebanks to third parties is underdeveloped and should be used more widely.