Institut für Agrartechnik

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hohpublica.uni-hohenheim.de/handle/123456789/19

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Method of 3D voxel prescription map construction in digital orchard management based on LiDAR-RTK boarded on a UGV
(2023) Han, Leng; Wang, Shubo; Wang, Zhichong; Jin, Liujian; He, Xiongkui
Precision application of pesticides based on tree canopy characteristics such as tree height is more environmentally friendly and healthier for humans. Offline prescription maps can be used to achieve precise pesticide application at low cost. To obtain a complete point cloud with detailed tree canopy information in orchards, a LiDAR-RTK fusion information acquisition system was developed on an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) with an autonomous driving system. The point cloud was transformed into a geographic coordinate system for registration, and the Random sample consensus (RANSAC) was used to segment it into ground and canopy. A 3D voxel prescription map with a unit size of 0.25 m was constructed from the tree canopy point cloud. The height of 20 trees was geometrically measured to evaluate the accuracy of the voxel prescription map. The results showed that the RMSE between tree height calculated from the LiDAR obtained point cloud and the actual measured tree height was 0.42 m, the relative RMSE (rRMSE) was 10.86%, and the mean of absolute percentage error (MAPE) was 8.16%. The developed LiDAR-RTK fusion acquisition system can generate 3D prescription maps that meet the requirements of precision pesticide application. The information acquisition system of developed LiDAR-RTK fusion could construct 3D prescription maps autonomously that match the application requirements in digital orchard management.
Processing miscanthus to high‐value chemicals: A techno‐economic analysis based on process simulation
(2022) Götz, Markus; Rudi, Andreas; Heck, Raphael; Schultmann, Frank; Kruse, Andrea
Thermochemical biorefineries for the production of chemicals and materials can play an important role in the bioeconomy. However, their economic viability is often questioned under the premise of the economy of scale. This paper presents a regional, modular biorefinery concept for the production of the platform chemicals hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), furfural and phenols from the lignocellulosic perennial miscanthus, which can be cultivated on marginal and degraded areas. The paper focuses on the question of the minimum selling price of HMF and the optimal plant size for this purpose, using the region of Baden‐Württemberg, Germany, as an example. Based on small pilot plant results, a scalable process simulation was created via AspenPlus. This allows different scenarios and process combinations of this multi‐output biorefinery concept to be compared with each other. Using this, a minimum sales price for the main product HMF is calculated using methods of dynamic investment cost calculation according to the net present value method. Based on this, the plant capacity was scaled. The scenarios and sensitivity analyses show that, with an accuracy of ±15%, regional biorefineries could already offer platform chemicals at prices of 2.21–2.90 EUR/kg HMF at the current stage of development. This corresponds to three to four times the price of today's comparative fossil base chemicals and is thus a competitive option from the authors’ point of view. The local biomass and the heat prices were identified as the main influencing factors. As a result, the selection of the location will have a decisive influence on the economic viability of such concepts in the case of further development and optimization of the process in first demonstration plants.

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